Transparent Conducting Oxides as Ohmic Contacts for GaSb-based Thermophotovoltaic Cells

Krystyna Golaszewska 2,  Eliana Kaminska 2,  Emil Kowalczyk 2,  Renata Kruszka 2,  Radoslaw Lukasiewicz 2,  Ewa Papis 2,  Anna Piotrowska 2,  Tadeusz T. Piotrowski 2,  Pawel Skoczylas 2,  Adam Barcz 2,1,  Rafał Jakieła 3

1. Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics, al. Lotników 32/46, Warszawa 02-668, Poland
2. Institute of Electron Technology (ITE), al. Lotników 32/46, Warszawa 02-668, Poland
3. Institute of Electronic Materials Technology (ITME), Wólczyńska 133, Warszawa 01-919, Poland

Abstract
Of the available materials for thermophotovoltaic cells, quaternary compounds of the GaSb family have the advantage of optimal band gap and excellent minority carrier transport in InGaAsSb/GaSb TPV diodes. To take full advantage of these devices high quality transparent ohmic contacts are required. At present the front contact metallization relies on the use of photolitographically patterned thin film metallic structures that introduce a shadowing loss. The use of transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) could potentially eliminate this loss. However, TCOs may introduce other losses due to electrical resistance.
The most successful oxide to date for such application has been indium tin oxide, which has seen widespread use in thin photovoltaic cells. However, no results have been reported on its use over wider spectral range. Moreover, recent studies of other oxides of the same family, such as GaInO3 and CdO indicate that other material systems may offer better transparency in mid-infrared range.
In this work comparative studies of transparent ohmic contacts to GaSb-based materials have been performed. Thin conducting films of ITO, SnO2, CdO, and ZnO have been deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering. (100) GaSb wafers and LPE-grown InGaAsSb and AlGaAsSb epilayers were used as substrates. The influence of parameters of deposition on electrical and optical properties of TCO films was assessed by measurements of resistivity and photospectrometry. Electrical properties of TCO/semiconductor contacts were extracted from I-V and contact resistivity measurements. Contact microstructure was analysed using XRD, SIMS, SEM, and AFM.
We show that highly transparent (T>90% in the spectral range up to 2.4 μm) TCO films have been produced enabling fabrication of ohmic contacts with the specific resistance about 10-4 Ωcm2 to GaSb-based semiconducting materials.
Work supported by the grant from the State Committee for Scientific Research 3 T11B 009 026.
Presentation: poster at E-MRS Fall Meeting 2004, Symposium A, by Eliana Kaminska
See On-line Journal of E-MRS Fall Meeting 2004
Submitted: 2004-05-21 14:16
Revised:   2004-05-21 15:50
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