The electron, hole and exciton spectra are experimentally and theoretically studied in closed QD's in details now. Recently the opened QD`s embedded into the 3D medium have been started the research. In the latter the quasiparticles can penetrate through the potential barrier and the new channel of energy relaxation arises. It can be used for the creation of new rapid devices.
In the proposed paper the electron, hole and exciton spectra and lifetimes in opened QD`s embedded into the different media: quantum wires (QW), quantum wells (QW) and massive media(MM) are studied for the first time. The theoretical calculation of the spectra and lifetimes is done in the framework of the rectangular potential in the media interfaces and effective mass approximation. The analytical and numerical calculations are performed for the lifetimes and energies of quasiparticles in qusistationary states solving the Schrodinger equation and using the method of scattering S-matrix. It is shown that there exist the resonance states of Breit-Wigner type and non-resonance states too. Their evolution as a function of geometric sizes and shape of the heterosystem is obtained.
It is established that due to the difference between the electron and hole effective masses and depending on the geometric sizes of the well-shells (in multishell QD`s) there are two different models od excitons localized in QD:i) electron and hole in the same shell; ii) electron and hole in different shells of nanosystem. It is shown that the exciton energy levels and lifetimes in both models are quite different.
The calculated dependences of the location and width of exciton bands on geometrical and physical characteristics of nanosystem give the opportunity to compare them with the results of experimental data.

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1. Evolution Of Quasistationary Electron Spectra In Nanofilm Systems: Quantum Wells And Quantum Dots
2. Phonon spectra in quantum dots, quantum wires and nanosystems created of them
3. Electron and hole spectra in complicated opened cylindrical nanoheterosystem at the presence of outer magnetic field