The application of micro-spectroscopy, and hence imaging, to biological and pathological problems in particular relies on informations obtained with great details. During the recent years, the application of infrared synchrotron radiation to microscopy has flourished. Because of the high brightness of the synchrotron source, enhanced lateral resolution, faster acquisition time and superior spectral quality could be obtained. Thus, synchrotron infrared micro-spectroscopy is a demanded analytical technique and several beamlines are operational, planned or being designed around the world. Spectroscopic imaging provides diagnostic informations in a visual form, a prospect appealing to physicians and biologists. Imaging methods can provide potentially far more information to non-specialists than their non-imaging counterparts. However, the interpretation and diagnostic potential of IR imaging strongly depends on the quality of the spectra acquired. A crucial parameter, the signal-to-noise ratio, has strong impact on the image quality. For biological or biomedical investigations, a comprehensive understanding of all informations burried in a complex sample is rather elusive based on known functional group analysis. Computer-based multivariate methods are available for valid and statistically relevant classification of infrared patterns. In this presentation, we shall illustrate the imaging capabilities of synchrotron infrared micro-spectroscopy for individual cells and human tissues. Chemical images (also called univariate images), as well as multivariate images, have been obtained for several examples, demonstrating the high potential of this synchrotron-based microanalytical technique. We anticipate further interesting developments of synchrotron-based infrared micro-spectroscopy if combined with other synchrotron-based techniques like x-ray microscopy performed on the same samples.

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