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Nanostructured electrode materials for low temperature fuel cells and Li ion batteries: mechanochemical synthesis and electrochemical properties

Gabriele Mulas 1Stefano Enzo 1Christian Bonatto Minella 1Elisabetta Arca 1Nerino Penazzi 2Claudio Gerbaldi 2Maria Laura Lucariello 2

1. Dipartimnto di Chimica, Università di Sassari, Via Vienna 2, Sassari I-07100, Italy
2. Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy

Abstract

The development of advanced materials for energy storage and conversion has been receiving wide attention to meet the rising demand of clean energy technologies. In particular a great effort is being devoted towards the improvement of electrochemical power sources performance, in particular rechargeable lithium ion batteries and low temperature fuel cells, through the investigation of nanostructured bi or multicomponent alloys for electrodes and electrocatalysts respectively. Besides the enhanced electrochemical reactivity related to the thermodynamic metastability, their structural features could offer several advantages as, for instance, short path length for electronic and cation transport, higher electrodes or electrocatalysts active specific area, which can result in higher capacity and power density.

Mechanochemical synthesis by ball milling is recognised as a powerful technique for the preparation of a variety of metastable materials including nanostructured as well as amorphous and quasicrystalline phases. Along this line in this contribution we present the synthesis by mechanical processing and the electrochemical properties of different nanocrystalline alloys: tin based alloys and LiFePO4 were studied as Li ion battery anode and cathode materials, while PtCo systems were taken into account as electrocatalysts in fuel cells electrode processes. Through a detailed structural and thermodynamic characterization, we try to optimize the microstructural features to improve the electrochemical performances.

 

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Related papers

Presentation: Invited at E-MRS Fall Meeting 2007, Symposium D, by Gabriele Mulas
See On-line Journal of E-MRS Fall Meeting 2007

Submitted: 2007-05-20 21:25
Revised:   2009-06-07 00:44