Chemical reactions at solid / gas and solid / liquid interfaces play a key role in industrial applications and environmental processes, such as high temperature corrosion protection, heterogeneous catalysis, energy conversion (fuel cells), gas sensors or dissolution of minerals. In my talk I will present, how chemical reactions at interfaces and nanoparticles can be followed in real time under operational or processing conditions using x-ray diffraction as an in-situ tool. The final goal of our experiments is to obtain atomic scale information on the structure formation at chemically active interfaces and nanoparticles under industrially and environmentally relevant conditions, such as reactive gas mixtures at atmospheric pressures, humid environments and elevated temperatures. I will discuss in detail the in-situ x-ray observation of Pd and Rh nanoparticle shape changes (size range 5-10 nm) as a function of the applied oxygen pressure and its reversal by CO exposure.

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