The advanced electron microscopy techniques used for unambiguous identification of phases present in the surface multilayer are critically discussed.

Phase identification based on electron diffraction revealed the presence of several binary phases in the system Ti-Ni-P, sometimes partial substitution of Ti by Al. However one of the main phases remained not indexed satisfactorily. EDS microanalysis on FIB samples, free from the composition bias due to forward and backscattered electrons toward the thick part of the sample, shows that its composition is close to TiNiP with an accuracy of a few atomic percents. This “new phase” is absent from the ICCD (PDF-4) and ICSD databases

These investigations show that improved mechanical and tribological properties of surface treated alloy are related to the presence of a multilayered microstructure containing several phases from the Ni-Ti-P-Al system; some of them are nanocrystalline.

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